Improving Your Indoor Environment | US EPA

Improving Indoor Air Quality (IAQ)

• Context: People spend approximately 90% of their time indoors, where air pollution levels can equal or exceed outdoor levels.
• Vulnerable Populations: Children, the elderly, and individuals with asthma or heart disease are at higher risk from poor IAQ.
• Ventilation & Filtration:
  • Open windows and doors when weather permits.
  • Use exhaust fans in kitchens and bathrooms.
  • Use high-efficiency HVAC filters or portable air cleaners (ensure they do not emit ozone).
• Moisture & Mold Control:
  • Repair water leaks immediately.
  • Maintain indoor humidity between 30–50% using dehumidifiers or ventilation.
• Combustion Safety:
  • Vent all combustion appliances (heaters, stoves, dryers) to the outside.
  • Schedule annual inspections for wood heaters and gas stoves.
  • Critical Warnings: Never use cooking stoves for heating or fuel-powered generators indoors.
• Chemical & Pollutant Reduction:
  • Minimize use of pesticides, perfumes, and harsh cleaners; look for the EPA "Safer Choice" label.
  • Avoid mixing chemicals and always ventilate when using cleaning or painting products.
  • Prohibit indoor smoking and e-cigarette use.
  • Reduce allergens and pests by decluttering, damp-dusting, and vacuuming.
• Outdoor Awareness:
  • Monitor local air quality via AirNow.gov.
  • Prepare for wildfire season by purchasing air cleaners and filters in advance.
• Safety Devices: Install and regularly inspect smoke and carbon monoxide alarms.
• Tenant Rights: Renters should report IAQ or water issues to landlords immediately and consult the Environmental Law Institute’s Indoor Air Quality Guide for Tenants.